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Airport HistoryEst. 1930
Koltsovo began as a Soviet military aerodrome built between 1928 and 1930 near Yekaterinburg (then Sverdlovsk), gaining civil aviation status in 1943 and later serving as a hub for the secret Alaska-Siberia (ALSIB) Lend-Lease aircraft ferry route during World War II. After a major reconstruction in the 2000s culminating in a new international terminal expanded for the 2009 BRICS summit, it grew into one of Russia's largest regional airports - though, as with other Russian airports, its international connectivity has been curtailed since 2022 by Western sanctions and airspace closures following the invasion of Ukraine.
Koltsovo is constructed between 1928 and 1930 at the request of the USSR Air Force Institute as a military airfield near Sverdlovsk (now Yekaterinburg).
On May 15, 1942, the BI-1 - the USSR's first jet-engine aircraft - makes its maiden flight from Koltsovo, piloted by Grigory Bakhchivandzhi, who was later killed during a subsequent test flight of the same aircraft; a full-scale replica now stands at the airport.
On July 10, 1943, Koltsovo becomes the first airport in the USSR to hold both civil and military status simultaneously, beginning daily flights to Moscow; it also serves as a hub for the classified Alaska-Siberia (ALSIB) Lend-Lease aircraft delivery route through the war.
A new domestic terminal opens on January 1, 1967, doubling the airport's capacity to 1.5 million passengers annually.
Following the dissolution of the USSR, Koltsovo is reorganized; in December 1993 it is privatized into JSC Ural Airlines and JSC Koltsovo Airport, and the airport gains international status.
A new international terminal opens as part of a roughly 12-billion-ruble reconstruction program (2003-2009).
An expanded international terminal is formally opened by President Dmitry Medvedev on June 15, 2009, timed for the first BRICS summit, held in Yekaterinburg.
Following Russia's 2022 invasion of Ukraine, Western sanctions and airspace closures sharply reduce Koltsovo's international connectivity, in line with the broader contraction seen across Russian aviation.
General encyclopedic sources (Wikipedia). FLAG (time-sensitive/geopolitical): as with other Russian airports, Koltsovo's post-2022 international route network and traffic have been affected by sanctions and airspace restrictions tied to the war in Ukraine; the source used did not provide SVX-specific post-2022 figures, so the 2022 milestone reflects the well-documented general pattern across Russian aviation rather than airport-specific data. Current traffic ranking (Russia's 7th-busiest, 2024) should be treated as time-sensitive.